Early Maths Plan

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📅 12-Week Early Maths Plan (Year R)

Weeks 1–3: Numbers and Counting Foundations

Focus: Counting to 5, recognising numerals 0–5.

Activities:

  • Counting everyday objects (toys, snacks, natural items).
  • Number songs/rhymes (e.g., "5 little ducks").
  • Matching numerals to quantities.
  • Sorting and comparing small sets (more/less, same).

Key Vocabulary:

one, two, three, more, less, same, count.

Weeks 4–6: Building to 10

Focus: Numbers 6–10, ordering and comparing.

Activities:

  • Ten frames for number recognition and counting.
  • Ordering numbers on a washing line (0–10).
  • Counting forwards and backwards to 10.
  • Begin simple addition using objects (e.g., 3 + 2).

Key Vocabulary:

first, last, next, before, after, add, altogether.

Weeks 7–9: Shapes, Space & Patterns

Focus: Shape recognition and spatial awareness.

Activities:

  • Recognise and name 2D shapes (circle, square, triangle, rectangle).
  • Explore patterns (ABAB using colours, sounds, actions).
  • Building with 3D shapes (blocks, junk modelling).
  • Positional language (under, next to, behind).

Key Vocabulary:

circle, square, triangle, rectangle, pattern, behind, in front.

Weeks 10–12: Developing Number Sense

Focus: Numbers beyond 10, early problem solving.

Activities:

  • Counting to 20 with confidence.
  • One more / one less games.
  • Sharing and grouping (link to halving/sharing).
  • Simple subtraction using real objects.
  • Revisiting patterns and extending them.

Key Vocabulary:

more than, fewer than, one more, one less, double, share, half.

📊 Assessment & Review

Ongoing: Observe children during play and group activities.

End of 12 Weeks: Check progress towards:

  • Confident counting to 10 (and beyond).
  • Recognising numerals to 10+.
  • Understanding one more/less.
  • Beginning to add and subtract practically.
  • Recognising and using patterns.
  • Using shape and positional vocabulary.
Week Focus / Objective Activities Resources Vocabulary
1 Counting up to 3 Count objects (toys, fingers), number songs Small toys, fingers, counting rhymes one, two, three, count
2 Counting up to 5 Match numerals 0–5 to objects; sorting into sets Number cards 0–5, everyday objects more, less, same
3 Recognising numbers 0–5 Number hunts in classroom/outdoor area Number cards hidden around space zero, before, after
4 Counting to 10 Ten frame counting; clap counting Ten frames, counters, clapping one, two… ten, altogether
5 Ordering numbers 1–10 Washing line ordering; missing number game Number cards, string & pegs order, next, before, after
6 Addition within 10 Use objects to combine 2 groups (e.g., 3 + 2) Counters, cubes, toys add, altogether, total
7 2D Shape recognition Shape hunt indoors/outdoors; shape art Shape cut-outs, crayons, paper circle, square, triangle, rectangle
8 Exploring patterns Make ABAB patterns with colours, sounds, actions Beads, coloured blocks, musical instruments pattern, repeat, same, different
9 3D Shapes & Position Build towers, describe positions (under, next to) Blocks, boxes, construction toys cube, cone, under, behind, next to
10 Counting beyond 10 Count to 20; spot numbers in environment Number line to 20, books, posters eleven, twelve… twenty
11 One more / one less Dice games, "What's missing?" number line Dice, number line 0–20 more than, less than, one more, one less
12 Sharing & simple subtraction Share objects equally; take away using toys Counters, small snacks (fruit, crackers) double, half, share, take away